I suggest for training and actions you introduce *activity effects* and *completion effects*. For example the Languages skill says under *effects* "research: 0.1/s" which is awarded each second during training, and "train lore rate: 1/s", which is awarded on completion of a level. It is a bit confusing sometimes whether the award is forever or just during the activity.
10 level / 100 level money in short: 14 times / 14k times the amount displayed on the level up button
longer version: amount per level increases by approx. x1000 per 100 levels, that makes (exponential growth) 1000^(1/100) per level. Now sum 1000^(i/100) from i=0 to 9 or from 0 to 99 and get the amount in the top line.
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