To be able to be 100% sure you will have a healthy child is not currently possible with our technology. However we have the opportunity to drastically increase our chances through a different process then germline genetic engineering (g.e.).As I said in my last paragraph the process of p.d.s. is an easier procedure and it is more successful. P.D.S. is quite easy in regards to testing for genetic diseases and reintroduction into the womb. What happens in P.D.S. is that, like G.E. a colony of fertilized zygotes is produced then contained inside of a peatry dish. Instead of introducing new genes in this step however, the zygotes are tested for several genetic diseases, and then the healthiest zygote is returned to the womb via in-vitro fertilization. According to the association of reproductive health professionals(A.R.H.P.) “this technique (P.D.S) is more straight forward than germline genetic manipulation and does not open the door to an out-of-control, techno-eugenic human future” during G.E. success is extremely rare, when re-entering the womb less than 5 % of the embryos re-take into the blastocyst and according to geneticsandsociety.org “germline engineering is now common in laboratories, though it remains at best and imprecise technology, requiring hundreds of attempts before a viable engineered organisms is created”. P.D.S. however never has to remove the stem cells from the blastocyst and after testing for the healthiest zygote is the same process as in-vitro fertilization which, according to docshop.com “approximately 37 percent of women who undergo in vitro fertilization under the age of 35 have a successful insemination. The success rate of this procedure is nearly identical to the success rate of copulation (natural birth)” . So the benefits of P.D.S. over genetic engineering are that 1, the success rates of this procedure are much higher than that of G.E.. And two, it is safer for the embryo because they are never removed from the protective yolk of the blastocyst and is nothing more than testing for diseases and then regular ivf ( in vitro fertilization)
There is also a large possible danger underneath the surface of H.G.E.. As you already may or may not know human genetic engineering is the process of changing the genes in a living human cell. There are two forms of human genetic engineering. The first Germline genetic engineering I have already addressed several times thus far in my report, the second however is a different kind of genetic engineering but still extremely similar. This second kind of genetic engineering is referred to as somatic genetic engineering. It is accomplished much like germline genetic engineering. It is different in the aspect that instead of targeting the stem cells of an embryo that do not yet possess a specific function in the human body, the viral vectors now target fully developed cells in the organs or tissues. What scientists aim to accomplish is clearly outlined by the A.R.H.P. “scientists change the genes in living cells by putting the new “desired” gene into a little virus-like organism which is allowed to get into your cells and which inserts the new gene into a cell along with the “old” genes” in this procedure I believe there could be a potential danger. When the viruses place their new d.n.a. into your new d.n.a. they must do so perfectly. If there is any kind of unnoticed mutation inside of the viruses d.n.a. not only will it affect the cell introduced with the d.n.a. it will affect every generation of cell spawned from this cell. If the d.n.a. of that cell becomes corrupt, as it reproduces more cells they also incorporate this d.n.a. and they will also have the incorrect gene sequence. Once several cells have the wrong genetic code it could throw off the balance of the entire organ. For example, without the right genetic code in pancreatic cells they would not be able to provide insulin to the blood stream, an enzyme highly important in response to high amounts of sugar in the blood. This means that if only a few codons in the genetic code of the virus are wrong it could seriously injure the organ that is trying to be fixed, Perhaps making the organ much worse off than it originally was.
In conclusion I believe that human genetic engineering could one day be a fantastic aid to our society. However at the current time it is not nearly understood well enough by the scientist tampering with its processes. I believe that it is unnecessary when it comes to making sure our children are healthy because we have processes right now that are more productive and safer for the embryos. I believe that it will one day be abused in a way that makes having a child parallel to making a build-a-bear in the mall because the only reason to participate in human genetic engineering is to give your child foreign genes that neither parent possess. And because of our lack of knowledge in the subject we could potentially seriously injure patients who are looking for a cure to an already life threatening illness. I think we should take our time with such a delicate natural process as human genetic engineering. Developing concrete our understanding of this process and then introducing it to our society , and perhaps even changing the world by doing so.
Sources: http://www.geneticsandsociety.org/article.php?id=260
http://www.arhp.org/Publications-and-Resources/Patient-Resources/printed-materials/Cloning
http://www.docshop.com/education/fertility/treatments/in-vitro
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